General Information

  • ID:  hor006417
  • Uniprot ID:  P27596
  • Protein name:  Atrial natriuretic factor
  • Gene name:  NPPA
  • Organism:  Cavia porcellus (Guinea pig)
  • Family:  Natriuretic peptide family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Adult.
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:   Cavia (genus), Caviidae (family), Hystricomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires , Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0003008 system process; GO:0006182 cGMP biosynthetic process; GO:0007168 receptor guanylyl cyclase signaling pathway; GO:0007565 female pregnancy; GO:0008217 regulation of blood pressure; GO:0097746 blood vessel diameter maintenance
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0042995 cell projection; GO:0043204 perikaryon

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  SLRRSSCFGGRMDRIGAQSSLGCNSFRY
  • Length:  28
  • Propeptide:  NPMYNVVSNADLVDFKNLLDHLEEKMPLEDEVVLPQVASEQNEEAGAVLSALPEVPSWPGEAGPAQREGGALGRGPWDSSDRSAPLKSKLRALLDAPRSLRRSSCFGGRMDRIGAQSSLGCNSFRYRR
  • Signal peptide:  NA
  • Modification:  T6 Phosphoserine
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  [Atrial natriuretic peptide]: Hormone that plays a key role in mediating cardio-renal homeostasis, and is involved in vascular remodeling and regulating energy metabolism. Acts by specifically binding and stimulating NPR1 to produce cGMP, which in turn activates effector proteins, such as PRKG1, that drive various biological responses. Regulates vasodilation, natriuresis, diuresis and aldosterone synthesis and is therefore essential for regulating blood pressure, controlling the extracellular fluid volume and maintaining the fluid-electrolyte balance. Also involved in inhibiting cardiac remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy by inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and attenuating the growth of cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts (By similarity). Plays a role in female pregnancy by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling in uterus, and thus prevents pregnancy-induced hypertension (By similarity). In adipose tissue, acts in various cGMP- and PKG-dependent pathways to regulate lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. This includes up-regulating lipid metabolism and mitochondrial oxygen utilization by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and increasing energy expenditure by acting via MAPK11 to promote the UCP1-dependent thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue. Binds the clearance receptor NPR3 which removes the hormone from circulation (By similarity).
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NPR1, NPR2
  • Target Unid:  H0W391, H0UTW0
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  7-23
  • Structure ID:  AF-P27596-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor006417_AF2.pdbhor006417_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 359426 Formula: C128H207N45O40S3
Absent amino acids: EHKPTVW Common amino acids: S
pI: 10.95 Basic residues: 5
Polar residues: 14 Hydrophobic residues: 6
Hydrophobicity: -51.07 Boman Index: -8484
Half-Life: 1.9 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 45.36
Instability Index: 8943.21 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 1615
Absorbance 280nm: 59.81

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  NA
  • Title:  NA